Clove Extract Powder 10:1, 20:1, 50:1 TLC
【Botanical source】: Syzygium aromaticum
【Part used】: Dried flower buds
【Specification】: 10:1, 20:1, 50:1 TLC
【Extraction solvents】: Water
【Appearance】: Brownish fine powder
【Particle size】: 95% pass 80 mesh size
【Main ingredients】: The core component of cloves (flower buds) is volatile oil, with a content of 15-20%, of which eugenol accounts for 70-90%, which is the source of its aroma and main biological activity. It also contains acetyl eugenol, β – caryophyllene, oleanolic acid, tannins, and flavonoids. These ingredients endow cloves with strong pharmacological effects such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant properties.
【Storage conditions】：Store at room temperature in a sealed manner, away from light, and in a ventilated, cool, and dry environment.
【Shelf life】： 24 months from the production date

Clove Extract Powder Production Flowchart
Clove raw materials -Coarse powder(40 mesh) -Low temperature water extraction – 1^st Reflux Extraction(10 times water,2 Hrs) – 2^nd Reflux Extraction8 times water,1.5 Hrs) – 3rd Reflux Extraction(6 times water,1 Hrs) – Extraction Solution-combine&Filtrate-Concentrate-Extractum-spray drying – screening – packaging – detection of physical and chemical indicators – warehousing

Specification Sheet of Clove Extract Powder

Extended Reading
Modern Research on Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Extract

Chemical Components

Clove bud extract is chemically complex, with its volatile oil fraction being the most bioactive. Modern analytical techniques (GC-MS, HPLC-MS) have characterized:

1. Phenolic Volatile Compounds (Essential Oil, 15-20% of dry bud):
   • Eugenol: (70-90%) – The dominant bioactive, responsible for anesthetic, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory properties.
   • Eugenyl Acetate: (up to 15%)
   • β-Caryophyllene: (5-15%) – A sesquiterpene with significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity via the cannabinoid CB2 receptor pathway.
2. Hydrolyzable Tannins & Phenolic Acids:
   • Ellagitannins: Notably Oenothein B, a macrocyclic ellagitannin with potent immunomodulatory activity.
   • Gallotannins, ellagic acid derivatives.
3. Flavonoids: Kaempferol, quercetin, and their glycosides.
4. Triterpenoids: Oleanolic acid.
5. Other: Sterols, vitamins (Vit K, Vit C), minerals.

Health Benefits (Evidence-Based)

1. Potent Antimicrobial & Antifungal

• Broad-Spectrum Activity: Eugenol disrupts microbial cell membranes, leading to cell lysis. Clove extract is effective against a wide range of pathogens:
  • Bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (including MRSA), E. coli, Listeria, Salmonella, and oral pathogens (S. mutans, P. gingivalis).
  • Fungi: Candida albicans (including azole-resistant strains), dermatophytes.
  • Viruses: HSV-1, hepatitis C virus (HCV) in vitro.
• Applications: Studied as a natural food preservative, in dental products (mouthwash, temporary fillings), and topical antiseptics.

2. Anti-inflammatory & Analgesic

• Dual Mechanism: Eugenol inhibits COX-2 and 5-LOX enzymes, reducing prostaglandin and leukotriene production. β-Caryophyllene acts as a selective CB2 receptor agonist, reducing neurogenic and inflammatory pain.
• Efficacy: Comparable to common NSAIDs like diclofenac in rodent models of inflammation and pain (e.g., carrageenan-induced paw edema).

3. Antioxidant

• One of the Highest ORAC Values: Among all herbs and spices, due to its high eugenol and flavonoid content. Effectively scavenges ROS/RNS and upregulates endogenous antioxidant enzymes (glutathione, SOD).

4. Dental & Oral Health

• Gold Standard in Dentistry: Eugenol is a staple in zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) cement for temporary fillings and pulp capping due to its analgesic, antibacterial, and biocompatible properties.
• Periodontal Health: Reduces plaque, gingivitis, and oral malodor. Mouthwashes containing clove extract show efficacy comparable to chlorhexidine with fewer side effects.

5. Gastroprotective & Antispasmodic

• Protects gastric mucosa against ethanol and NSAID-induced ulcers by enhancing mucosal defense (↑mucin, PGE2) and reducing acid secretion.
• Relieves intestinal smooth muscle spasms.

6. Potential Anticancer Activity (Preclinical)

• In vitro studies show eugenol induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in various cancer lines (breast, colon, leukemia, melanoma) via mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS generation, and modulation of Bcl-2/Bax. In vivo data is limited.

7. Metabolic Benefits

• Early studies suggest clove extract may inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, potentially aiding postprandial glucose control.

Interactions

• Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs (Warfarin, Aspirin, Clopidogrel): HIGH RISK. Clove oil and eugenol are potent platelet aggregation inhibitors, significantly increasing bleeding risk and potentiating anticoagulants. Documented cases of postoperative bleeding and elevated INR with warfarin.
• Hypoglycemic Drugs: May have additive blood sugar-lowering effects; monitor glucose.
• Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: Eugenol is a potent inhibitor of CYP2C9 and a moderate inhibitor of CYP1A2 and 2C19 in vitro. This may increase plasma levels of drugs metabolized by these pathways (e.g., warfarin, phenytoin, amitriptyline, propranolol).
• Anesthetics & CNS Depressants: Eugenol has CNS depressant properties; may potentiate effects of barbiturates or alcohol.
• Topical Drugs: May increase skin penetration of other compounds.

Taboos & Warnings

• Pregnancy & Lactation: Avoid medicinal doses. Eugenol may be uterotonic. Dietary spice-level amounts are likely safe.
• Bleeding Disorders & Upcoming Surgery: Contraindicated. Discontinue all clove supplements and high dietary intake at least 2-3 weeks prior to surgery.
• Children (Oral Ingestion of Oil): TOXIC. Even small amounts (5-10 mL) of undiluted clove oil can cause acute hepatotoxicity, seizures, and central nervous system depression in children. Keep out of reach.
• Liver Disease: High doses of eugenol are hepatotoxic in animal models. Avoid in individuals with existing liver conditions.
• GI Irritation: Undiluted extract or oil can cause nausea, vomiting, and sore throat. Always dilute for oral use.
• Topical Use: Can cause contact dermatitis, burns, or tissue necrosis if applied undiluted to skin or mucous membranes. Always dilute in a carrier oil (typical 1-3% concentration for topical use).
• Asthma & Allergies: May trigger bronchospasm in sensitive individuals.

Applications

• Dentistry: In temporary fillings (ZOE cement), root canal sealers, mouthwashes, and gels for toothache and gingivitis.
• Pharmaceuticals: As a flavoring agent, preservative, and active in topical antiseptics and analgesics.
• Nutraceuticals: In capsules for antioxidant and immune support (standardized to eugenol content).
• Food Industry: As a natural antimicrobial preservative (Eugenol, EINECS 202-589-1) in meats and baked goods, and as a flavoring agent.
• Aromatherapy & Topicals: In diluted form for pain relief (e.g., toothache, arthritis), often in blends with other oils.
• Agriculture: As a botanical pesticide and fungicide.

References

1. Cortés-Rojas, D. F., et al. (2014). Clove (Syzygium aromaticum): a precious spice. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 4(2), 90-96.
2. Kamaton, G. P., et al. (2012). Eugenol—from the remote Maluku Islands to the international market place: a review of a remarkable and versatile molecule. Molecules, 17(6), 6953-6981. (Comprehensive review on eugenol)
3. Jirovetz, L., et al. (2006). Antimicrobial testings and gas chromatographic analysis of pure oxygenated monoterpenes 1,8-cineole, α-terpineol, terpinen-4-ol and camphor as well as target compounds in essential oils of pine (Pinus pinaster), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia). (Includes clove oil data)
4. Cai, L., & Wu, C. D. (1996). Compounds from Syzygium aromaticum possessing growth inhibitory activity against oral pathogens. Journal of Natural Products, 59(10), 987-990.
5. Kuroda, M., et al. (2012). Hypoglycemic effects of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and its active component, eugenol, on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Journal of Natural Medicines, 66(2), 394-399.
6. Gülçin, İ., et al. (2012). Antioxidant activity of clove oil – A powerful antioxidant source. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 5(4), 489-499.
7. Mittal, M., et al. (2014). Insights into the mechanism of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of eugenol in human cells. Toxicology in Vitro, 28(2), 198-206. (Safety/toxicology focus)
8. Hussain, A., et al. (2017). Clove and its active compound, eugenol, as a potential natural therapy for cancer prevention and treatment. Current Molecular Pharmacology, 10(3), 200-209.
9. Jaganathan, S. K., & Supriyanto, E. (2012). Antiproliferative and molecular mechanism of eugenol-induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Molecules, 17(6), 6290-6304.
10. NCCIH (National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health). (2020). Clove. [Fact Sheet]. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (Authoritative safety summary)
11. Case Report: Jan, S. A., et al. (2008). Clove cigarettes-induced oral bleeding: a case report. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 58(12), 720-722.
12. European Medicines Agency (EMA). (2012). Assessment report on Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merill et L.M. Perry, floris. EMA/HMPC/184174/2012. (Regulatory monograph)

Note: This summary is for informational purposes. It may interact with medications and is contraindicated in certain conditions. Consult a healthcare professional before therapeutic use, particularly regarding its estrogenic activity.