Pinellia (Ban Xia) Extract Powder 10:1, 20:1, 50:1 TLC
【Other names】: Ban Xia, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Pinellia Tuber
【Botanical source】: Pinellia ternata（Thunb.） Breit.
【Part used】: Dry tubers of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit, a plant in the Araceae family. Dig and wash in summer and autumn, remove the outer skin and roots, and dry in the sun.
【Specification】: 10:1, 20:1, 50:1 TLC
【Appearance】: Brownish yellow fine powder
【Particle size】: 95% pass 80 mesh size

Pinellia (Ban Xia) Extract Powder Production Flowchart
Pinellia (Ban Xia) raw materials – natural air drying–Coarse powder(40 mesh) -Low temperature water extraction – 1^st Reflux Extraction(10 times water,2 Hrs) – 2^nd Reflux Extraction8 times water,1.5 Hrs) – 3rd Reflux Extraction(6 times water,1 Hrs) – Extraction Solution-combine&Filtrate-Concentrate-Extractum-spray drying – screening – packaging – detection of physical and chemical indicators – warehousing

Specification Sheet of Pinellia (Ban Xia) Extract Powder

Extended Reading
Pinellia (Ban Xia) Function and Efficacy Recorded in TCM
Pinellia ternata is a dried tuber of the plant Pinellia ternata in the Araceae family. It is a very important and commonly used medicine in traditional Chinese medicine for reducing phlegm, nausea, and diarrhea. Its nature is pungent and warm; Toxic, returning to the spleen, stomach, and lung meridians.

Its core function can be summarized as “drying dampness and resolving phlegm, reducing nausea and vomiting, dispelling dampness and dispersing lumps”. Due to the irritant toxicity of its raw products, processed products are commonly used in clinical practice, and the efficacy of different processed products varies.

1. Drying dampness and resolving phlegm
Mechanism of action: Pinellia ternata is warm and dry in nature, specifically targeting the spleen and lung meridians. It can dry and transform damp phlegm and cold phlegm in the body, and is an essential medicine for treating damp phlegm and cold phlegm syndrome.

Indicative symptoms:
Damp phlegm and cold phlegm syndrome: manifested as cough, excessive phlegm, white color, sparse substance, and large volume, accompanied by chest tightness, epigastric congestion (feeling of blockage in the epigastric region), and white and greasy tongue coating. Often combined with dried tangerine peel and Poria cocos to form the basic phlegm resolving formula “Er Chen Tang”.

Dizziness and headache caused by phlegm dampness: such as Meniere’s disease caused by phlegm turbidity, it is often combined with Tianma and Atractylodes macrocephala to form “Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction”.

2. Reduce nausea and vomiting
Mechanism of action: Pinellia ternata mainly enters the spleen and stomach meridian, which can “lower the reverse qi”, that is, to calm down the upward reverse stomach qi. It is a powerful antiemetic medicine and is known as the “holy medicine of the nauseous family”.

Indicative symptoms:
Multiple types of vomiting, especially those caused by phlegm or stomach cold. Often combined with ginger, it can enhance the antiemetic effect and limit the toxicity of Pinellia ternata, forming the classic “Xiaobanxia Decoction”.

Stomach heat vomiting: can be accompanied by stomach heat clearing drugs such as Huanglian and Zhuru.

Stomach Yin Deficiency Vomiting: Can be accompanied by nourishing stomach Yin medicines such as Dendrobium and Ophiopogon japonicus.

Vomiting during pregnancy: Use with caution under the guidance of a physician (such as when combined with ginseng and dried ginger).

3. Eliminate wrinkles and disperse knots
Mechanism of action: The “Xin San” property of Pinellia ternata opens up stagnation and disperses lumps.

Indicative symptoms:
Heart swelling (feeling of blockage in the epigastric area): Used for swelling caused by the combination of cold and heat, often used in combination with dried ginger, Huanglian, and Huangqin to form the famous formula “Banxia Xiexin Tang”.

Plum core qi: The patient feels a foreign body sensation in the throat, unable to cough or swallow, but no organic lesions are detected upon examination. Often combined with Magnolia officinalis, Poria cocos, Su Ye, etc., it forms the “Banxia Houpu Decoction”.

Gall nodules and scrofula (such as thyroid nodules and lymph node tuberculosis): Used for the formation of nodules between phlegm and qi, often used in conjunction with soft and hard dispersing drugs such as seaweed, kelp, and Fritillaria.

Swelling and toxin: External application of Pinellia ternata can be used to treat swelling and toxin, but it is highly irritating and should be carried out under the guidance of a physician.

Modern Pharmacological Effects of Pinellia (Ban Xia)
The main active ingredients of Pinellia ternata include alkaloids (such as choline and ephedrine), volatile oils, various organic acids, Pinellia ternata protein, Pinellia ternata starch, sterols, and irritants (such as calcium oxalate needle crystals). The following are its main modern pharmacological effects:

1. Antiemetic and antiemetic effects
This is a direct manifestation of the effect of “reducing nausea and vomiting”.

Function: Various processed products of Pinellia ternata, especially ginger Pinellia ternata, have significant antiemetic effects. Its decoction can significantly inhibit vomiting caused by apomorphine (a central emetic), digitalis, copper sulfate, etc.

Mechanism:
Central inhibition: The active ingredient may act on the vomiting center of the brain, inhibiting its excitability.

Peripheral effects: Directly inhibit excessive peristalsis of gastrointestinal smooth muscles and alleviate nausea.

The synergistic effect of ginger and pinellia ternata: The combination of ginger and pinellia ternata can not only relieve the toxicity of pinellia ternata, but also enhance the antiemetic effect through the synergistic effects of its own gingerene and gingerone components.

2. Antitussive and expectorant effects
Corresponding to the effect of “drying dampness and resolving phlegm”.

Cough suppression: Banxia decoction has a significant cough suppression effect on cough caused by iodine solution injection into the chest cavity of cats or electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve, with a strength similar to codeine but weaker.

Detoxification: Pinellia ternata has a unique expectorant effect, as it does not increase sputum secretion and may even inhibit it. The modern explanation of “drying dampness and resolving phlegm” tends to lean towards:

Reducing the secretion of bronchial glands improves the condition where sputum becomes thicker and less likely to be expelled.

Promote the breakdown of acidic glycoproteins in sputum, reduce sputum viscosity, and make it easier to cough up.

3. Antitumor effect
This is a modern expansion and verification of the efficacy of “dispelling wrinkles and dispersing knots”.

Function: Numerous in vitro and animal experiments have shown that Banxia protein, polysaccharides, and ethanol extracts have inhibitory effects on various cancer cell lines, including:
Hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2)
Gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901, BGC-823)
Cervical cancer cells (Hela)
Lung cancer cells
ovarian cancer cells

Mechanism: Inducing tumor cell apoptosis, inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, blocking cell cycle, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, and enhancing the body’s immunity.

4. Effects on the digestive system
Anti ulcer: Pinellia ternata can significantly inhibit gastric acid secretion, reduce gastric acid concentration, and have a clear preventive and therapeutic effect on experimental gastric ulcers (such as pyloric ligation type and stress type).

Regulating gastrointestinal motility: Pinellia ternata has a bidirectional regulatory effect on gastrointestinal function. It can both inhibit hyperactive gastrointestinal motility (spasms) and stimulate relaxed intestines, promoting the restoration of normal peristalsis. This explains why it can be used to treat both vomiting and fullness.

5. Sedative and anticonvulsant effects
Function: Pinellia ternata decoction has a significant central sedative effect and can synergize with hypnotic drugs such as pentobarbital sodium to prolong sleep time. At the same time, it has a certain antagonistic effect on experimental convulsions (such as those caused by pentylenetetrazol).

Association: This may be related to the treatment of insomnia and dizziness caused by phlegm turbidity disturbance (such as Banxia Baizhu Tianma Tang syndrome).

6. Toxic effects and detoxification
Stimulating toxicity:
Source: Mainly derived from the calcium oxalate needle crystals contained in the tubers of Pinellia ternata. This type of needle crystal can penetrate the oral cavity, throat, and gastrointestinal mucosa. At the same time, the protein and other components attached to the needle crystal can cause strong inflammatory reactions, leading to toxic symptoms such as swelling, pain, loss of voice, salivation, and diarrhea.

Detoxification mechanism: Processing (such as using alum, ginger, lime water) can greatly destroy or decompose these irritating ingredients, significantly reducing their toxicity.

Other toxicities: High doses of Pinellia ternata may have potential effects on liver and kidney function and embryonic development, which is also one of the modern scientific basis for its “caution in pregnant women”.

7. Other functions
Antiarrhythmic effect: Banxia injection has a significant antiarrhythmic effect on ventricular premature beats and ventricular tachycardia caused by barium chloride.

Anti inflammatory: Pinellia ternata extract has inhibitory effects on various inflammatory models.

Antibiotic like effect: has a weak inhibitory effect on certain Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.